Factores asociados a la sintomatología depresiva en adultos/as con diabetes y el impacto en su autoeficacia y en el cuidado de la salud
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22199/S07187475.2011.0001.00003Palabras clave:
Depresión, Autocuidado, Autoeficacia, Diabetes, depression, self-care, self-efficacy,Resumen
El objetivo principal del estudio fue crear un modelo para explicar la sintomatología depresiva de pacientes diabéticos/as, su nivel de autoeficacia, y las prácticas de autocuidado para manejar la condición. Se examinó cómo la diabetes y las variables sociodemográficas, podrían estar asociadas a la depresión. A su vez, se evaluó si estas variables influían sobre la autoeficacia y las prácticas de autocuidado. Participaron 267 pacientes diabéticos/as, de los cuales 68 cumplieron con sintomatología depresiva y 199 que no la presentaron. Se utilizaron instrumentos de auto-reporte para medir las variables. Los resultados sugirieron que los/as pacientes no casados/as, cuyos síntomas de diabetes eran más severos y que presentaban un mayor impedimento en la funcionalidad debido a la diabetes, tenían más probabilidades de presentar una cantidad mayor de síntomas depresivos. Por su parte, los/as pacientes de mayor edad y cuyos síntomas de diabetes eran más severos, mostraron mejores prácticas de autocuidado. En cuanto a la autoeficacia, los/as pacientes cuyos síntomas de diabetes eran más severos y cuyo impedimento en funcionalidad era peor, mostraron más probabilidades de presentar una autoeficacia baja para lidiar con su condición. Los resultados tienen implicaciones significativas en términos de prevención, identificación y tratamiento para la depresión en adultos/as puertorriqueños/as con diabetes.
The main objective of the study was to create a model to explain the depressive symptomatology in diabetic patients, their self-efficacy and self-care practices to manage the condition. It examines how diabetes and its socio demographic variables may be associated with depression. It also evaluates if these variables influences self-efficacy and self care practices of the patients. Participants consisted of 267 diabetic patients of which 68 met the criteria for depressive symptoms and 199 participants did not meet the criteria. Self-reporting instruments were used to measure variables. The results suggested that participants that are not married and whose diabetic symptoms were more severe have a higher probability of presenting a higher quantity of depressive symptoms. On the other hand, patients in the higher age group and whose diabetic symptoms were more severe showed better self care practices. In terms of self-efficacy, patients whose diabetic symptoms were more severe and whose functional impairments were greater showed a higher probability of presenting low self-efficacy in terms of dealing with their condition. Results have significant implications in terms of prevention, identification, and treatment of depression in Puerto Rican adults with diabetes. We will discuss the implications, limitations of our results, and recommendations.
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