Asuntos conceptuales, metodológicos y éticos de la hipnosis como terapia psicológica adjunta al tratamiento del cáncer de mama
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22199/S07187475.2012.0002.00007Palabras clave:
Cáncer de mama, Hipnosis, Asuntos metodológicos y conceptuales, Breast cancer, Hypnosis, Conceptual and methodological issues,Resumen
La hipnosis ha formado parte de intervenciones psicológicas para atender los efectos de múltiples condiciones oncológicas y sus tratamientos. En este trabajo revisamos los principales resultados de la investigación existente en donde se utiliza la hipnosis en pacientes con cáncer de mama. En la primera parte se discuten asuntos conceptuales y metodológicos, en la segunda parte los hallazgos, limitaciones y asuntos éticos de la hipnosis en el debate de las prácticas psicológicas. En los estudios revisados se evidencia consistentemente que la hipnosis es eficaz para tratar el dolor, síntomas de ansiedad, sofocos (hot flashes), angustia previa a la biopsia de mama y efectos secundarios de la quimioterapia y radioterapia. El documento concluye con sugerencias para investigaciones futuras y las implicaciones para la práctica clínica y reconoce a la hipnosis como un recurso valioso para mejorar el estado de ánimo y la calidad de vida las pacientes de cáncer de mama.
Hypnosis is one of a number of psychological interventions which can be used to address the effects of multiple oncological conditions and treatments thereof. In this paper we review existing research results regarding the use of hypnosis in patients with breast cancer. In the first part we discuss conceptual and methodological issues. In the second part we discuss the findings, limitations and ethical issues of hypnosis in the on-going debate surrounding psychological practices. Consistent evidence exists in the reviewed research studies that hypnosis is effective in treating pain, anxiety symptoms, hot flashes, pre-breast biopsy anxiety, and the side effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. We conclude with suggestions for future research, implications for clinical practice, and the recognition of hypnosis as a valuable resource for improving both mood and quality of life of breast cancer patients.
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