Papeles, características y consecuencias del acoso escolar entre estudiantes observadores

una revisión integradora de la literatura

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22199/S07187475.2019.0001.00005

Palabras clave:

Acoso escolar, Violencia, Salud escolar

Resumen

Objetivo: identificar las evidencias sobre las principales características de los estudiantes que presencian situaciones de acoso. Método: revisión integradora de la literatura realizada en las bases de datos Web of Science, Eric, Cinahl, Pubmed y en la biblioteca electrónica Scielo, utilizando en las búsquedas los términos “acoso” y “observadores” en portugués, inglés y español. La pregunta orientadora de la investigación fue: “¿Tal y como aparecen en la literatura los estudiantes identificados como observadores en los estudios sobre acoso?”. Los estudios seleccionados fueron evaluados en términos de la calidad metodológica y presentados de forma narrativa y crítica. Resultados: 29 artículos compusieron el corpus de análisis de la revisión. Los datos revisados fueron organizados en tres grupos: Características de los estudiantes que atestiguan situaciones de acoso; Papeles atribuidos a los observadores; y, Cuestiones relatadas como consecuencias de lo declarado sobre de las agresiones. Los resultados indicaron el papel activo de los observadores en la dinámica del acoso, sus motivaciones para defender o no a las víctimas y el papel que ellos desempeñan en la inhibición o refuerzo de la ocurrencia del fenómeno. Conclusión: las evidencias presentadas pueden orientar prácticas y programas de intervención antiacoso en el área de la salud en Brasil.

Biografía del autor/a

Claudio Romualdo, Universidad de São Paulo

Doctorando en el Programa Enfermería en Salud Pública.

Jorge Luiz da Silva, Universidad de Franca

Graduación en Psicología en la Universidad de Uberaba (2010), Maestría en Psicología en la Universidad de São Paulo (2013) y Doctorado en Enfermería de Salud Pública en la Universidad de São Paulo (2017).

Olga Elena Cuadros Jiménez, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso

Graduación en Psicología en la Universidad de Antioquia Udea (2002), Maestría en Educación en la Universidad de Antioquia Udea (2009) y Doctorado en Psicologia en la Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile (2016).

Marta Angélica Iossi Silva

Bachelor's degree in Nursing from the University of São Paulo (1986), Master's Degree in Public Health Nursing at the University of São Paulo (2000), Doctorate in Public Health Nursing at the University of São Paulo (2004) and Post- Portugal (2009).

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Publicado

2019-06-21

Cómo citar

Romualdo, C., Oliveira, W. A. de, Silva, J. L. da, Jiménez, O. E. C., & Silva, M. A. I. (2019). Papeles, características y consecuencias del acoso escolar entre estudiantes observadores: una revisión integradora de la literatura. Salud & Sociedad, 10(1), 66-78. https://doi.org/10.22199/S07187475.2019.0001.00005

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