Percepção da doença e de risco na obesidade: revisão sistemática
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22199/issn.0718-7475-2020-0003Palavras-chave:
Percepção de risco, Percepção da doença, Crenças, ObesidadeResumo
ANTECEDENTES: A obesidade tem sido descrita como uma doença crônica, multifatorial e de caráter evolutivo colocando em risco a vida dos indivíduos. OBJETIVO: O objetivo do artigo foi realizar uma revisão sistemática sobre percepção da doença e de risco na obesidade, entre janeiro de 2004 e janeiro de 2018. MÉTODO: Foram pesquisadas nas bases de dados Lilacs, SciELO, MEDLINE, PubMed, PsycINFO e Web of Science, estudos que investigavam a percepção da doença e de risco da obesidade tendo como base teorias comportamentais e sociais que ajudam a compreender por que pessoas adultas se engajam em comportamentos de risco. RESULTADOS: A partir de 577 referências, sete estudos preencheram os critérios de inclusão. Percebeu-se que indivíduos obesos têm dificuldade de entender sua doença como uma doença crônica que exige esforços contínuos para seu controle. A avaliação da percepção de risco da obesidade não promoveu ações preventivas individuais da doença, nem adoção de comportamentos adequados para melhora do estado de saúde. CONCLUSÃO: A percepção de risco é um construto que auxilia na compreensão da obesidade e pode subsidiar práticas de intervenção de mudança de comportamento alimentar nos pacientes.
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